What term describes groups of criminals who collaborate to commit multiple types of crime?

The term that best describes groups of criminals who collaborate to commit multiple types of crime is "organized crime networks." This term specifically refers to structured groups that engage in illegal activities on a large scale, often operating across various regions and sometimes even internationally. Organized crime networks are typically involved in a range of criminal enterprises, such as drug trafficking, human trafficking, money laundering, and more, demonstrating their versatility in criminal activities.

In contrast, other terms like conspiracy groups might refer to informal arrangements made by individuals to commit a crime, which do not necessarily encompass the broader, continuous operations typical of organized crime. Similarly, criminal coalitions and enterprise syndicates can imply some collaboration but may not fully capture the structured, hierarchical nature and ongoing criminal enterprises characteristic of organized crime networks.